SILHOUETTE

Geometrical Optics I 

(15 - 16 years)

The subjects: 

• Light and energy (photometry)
• Dependence of brightness on distance E(R)
• Complete shadow and partial shadow
• Creation of shadow
• Lunar and Solar eclipses
• Snell's Law 
• Laws of refraction
• Total Internal Reflection
• Prism with parallel sides, triangular prism
• Creation of image in the eye
• Laws of reflection
• Plane mirror
• Image of the point and elongated objects

The basic concepts: 

Source of light, brightness, rays, shadow, angle of incidence, reflection, refraction, total reflection, prism, image, aperture, field of view.  

CORNEA

Geometrical Optics II 

(15 - 16 years)

The subjects: 

• The lens and its focus
• Dependence of focal length on index of 
• refraction (Lens maker's formula)
• The lens equation
• Image of object in a convex lens
• Condition to obtain image on screen
• Image of object located in focal plane
• Image of object in a concave lens
• Spherical mirrors
• Focal length of a spherical mirror
• Image of object in a spherical mirror

The basic concepts: 

Radius of curvature, focal length, index of refraction, principal ray, real and virtual images, magnification 

WAVES

Wave Theory and Introduction to Physical Optics

(16 - 17 years)

The subjects: 

• Waves in one direction:
• A single pulse
• The meeting of two pulses
• Periodic waves
• Reflection and transmission of waves
• Standing waves
• Waves in a plane:
• Propagation of a single pulse in a pool
• Reflection of a wave from a barrier
• Refraction of plane waves
• Spherical waves and pulses
• Reflection of a spherical wave
• Diffraction of a plane wave
• Interference of waves

The basic concepts: 

Pulse, period, amplitude, wave length, speed, phase, periodic wave, standing wave, plane wave, spherical wave, angle of incidence, reflection and transmission 

GALILEO

Mechanics I 

(16 - 17 years)

The subjects: 

• Free fall ( Virtual experiment 1 body,        Virtual experiment 2 bodies )
• Dependence of height on time H(t)
• Dependence of velocity on time V(t)
• Dependence of velocity on height V(h)
• Horizontal projection( Virtual experiment )
• Dependence of distance on time S(t)
• Dependence of distance on velocity S(v)
• Projection at an angle to the horizontal.
• Projection at an angle as a complex motion
• Dependence of distance on time S(t)
• Dependence of distance on horizontal and vertical components of velocity S(v)

The basic concepts: 

Displacement vector, velocity, acceleration, weight, graph, vector representation, complex motion, projection, resolution into components. 

NEWTON

Mechanics II

( 16 - 17 years)

The subjects: 

• The First Law ( Virtual experiment )
• Inertia
• Frames of reference
• Relative velocity ( Virtual experiment )
• The 2-nd and 3-rd Laws of Newton
• Representation of forces and accelerations
• Comparison of the masses of two bodies ( Virtual experiment )
• Motion with acceleration ( Virtual experiment )
• Dependence of acceleration on driving force
• Dependence of acceleration on mass  ( Virtual experiment )
• Diagram of forces without friction
• Dependence of frictional force on weight
• Dependence of frictional force on the coefficient of friction ( Virtual experiment )
• Sliding with friction ( Virtual experiment )
• A system of pulleys ( Virtual experiment )

The basic concepts: 

Mass, inertia, frame of reference, relative velocity, acceleration, force, force diagrams, friction, weigh.  

GRAVI

Mechanics IV 

(17 - 18 years)

The subjects: 

• Mass and weight
• Mass and weight in an elevator
• Weight on the Earth
• Dependence of g on altitude
• Universal law of gravitation
• Motion of the moon
• Motion of satellites
• Laws of Kepler
• First Law of Kepler
• Second Law of Kepler
• Third Law of Kepler

ROTARY

Mechanics III 

(16 - 17 years)

The subjects: 

• Circular motion ( Virtual experiment )
• Linear velocity V, the dependence V(R)
• Dependence of velocity V on the angular velocity W,
• The centripetal acceleration vector  a       ( Virtual experiment )
• Dependence of acceleration a on radius R and angular velocity W.
• Conical pendulum: ( Virtual experiment )
• Diagram of forces acting on a body,
• Dependence of angle of deviation on the mass of the body m,
• Dependence of angle of deviation on g,
• Dependence of angle of deviation on W.
• Circular motion: side view
• Harmonic motion ( Virtual experiment )
• Equations of motion of the x- and y - 
• components of the vectors R, V and a
• Oscillations of a spring and a pendulum.
• Spring oscillator ( Virtual experiment )
• Dependence of F(Y) on spring constant k
• Dependence of F(y) on the load mass M
• Independence of the period T on the amplitude Y
• Dependence of T on the spring constant k
• Dependence of T on the mass M
• A simple pendulum ( Virtual experiment )
• Independence of T on amplitude Y
• Dependence of T on g
• Dependence of T on length of string L

The basic concepts: 

These topics form the connection between mechanics and more advanced subjects, such as wave theory, AC current, and quantum theory. 

Also covered are a number of basic concepts, such as instantaneous position/angle of rotation, period of motion T, frequency of rotation f, angular velocity W. 

MAG-MAN

Magnetism and Electro-Magnetism 

(17-18 years)

The subjects: 

• Magnetic fields of permanent magnets
• Pattern of iron filings in a magnetic field
• A map of field lines
• Magnetic fields of steady electric currents
• Interaction of the parallel currents
• The vectors of magnetic force, current and field 
• Ampere's Law
• Dependence of magnetic force on current 
• Biot - Savart law
• Tangent galvanometer
• Lorentz force
• Movement of a charged particles in magnetic field
• Mass - Spectrometer

VECTORY!

Mathematics and Mechanics 

(16 - 17 years)

The subjects:  

• Movement and the translation vector
• Addition of vectors
• Addition of vectors by the parallelogram method,
• Addition of vectors by the triangle method
• Independence of vector sum on the origin
• The negative of a vector and subtraction of vectors
• Cartesian coordinate system
• Components of vectors
• Construction of vector by its components
• Parallel translation of a coordinate system
• Rotation of a coordinate system
• Transformation of the coordinates
• Vector addition in a coordinate system
• Multiplication of a vector by a scalar
• The absolute value of a vector
• The scalar product of two vectors
• The vector product of two vectors

POTENTIAL

Electrostatics 

(17-18 years)

The subjects:  

• Basics of electrostatics
• Electroscope
• Grounding
• Electrostatic induction
• Attraction between two conductors
• Charge transfer between plates of capacitor
• Dependence of electric force on a distance between the plates of a capacitor
• Coulomb’s Law
• Dependence of electric force on charges and distances
• Electric fields from a number of charges
• Millikan’s experiment
• Work in electrostatic field:

The potential 

Equipotential lines in a field between capacitor plates

Equipotential lines in a field of a central charge